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Table of Contents

    • About the Authors
    • Acknowledgments
    • Preface
    • 1Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table
      • 1.1The Elements
      • 1.2Atomic Theory
      • 1.3The Structure of Atoms
      • 1.4Nuclei of Atoms
      • 1.5Atomic Masses
      • 1.6Arrangements of Electrons
      • 1.7The Periodic Table
      • 1.8Nuclear Chemistry
      • 1.9End-of-Chapter Material
    • 2Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds

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      • 2.1Two Types of Bonding

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      • 2.2Ions

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      • 2.3Formulas for Ionic Compounds

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      • 2.4Ionic Nomenclature

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      • 2.5Formula Mass

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      • 2.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 3Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds

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      • 3.1Covalent Bonds

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      • 3.2Covalent Compounds: Formulas and Names

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      • 3.3Multiple Covalent Bonds

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      • 3.4Characteristics of Covalent Bonds

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      • 3.5Characteristics of Molecules

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      • 3.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 4Introduction to Chemical Reactions

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      • 4.1The Law of Conservation of Matter

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      • 4.2Chemical Equations

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      • 4.3Quantitative Relationships Based on Chemical Equations

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      • 4.4Some Types of Chemical Reactions

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      • 4.5Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions

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      • 4.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 5Quantities in Chemical Reactions

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      • 5.1The Mole

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      • 5.2Atomic and Molar Masses

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      • 5.3Mole-Mass Conversions

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      • 5.4Mole-Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions

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      • 5.5Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Problems

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      • 5.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 6Energy and Chemical Processes

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      • 6.1Energy and Its Units

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      • 6.2Heat

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      • 6.3Phase Changes

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      • 6.4Bond Energies and Chemical Reactions

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      • 6.5The Energy of Biochemical Reactions

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      • 6.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 7Solids, Liquids, and Gases

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      • 7.1Intermolecular Interactions

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      • 7.2Solids and Liquids

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      • 7.3Gases and Pressure

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      • 7.4Gas Laws

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      • 7.5End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 8Solutions

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      • 8.1Solutions

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      • 8.2Concentration

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      • 8.3The Dissolution Process

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      • 8.4Properties of Solutions

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      • 8.5End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 9Acids and Bases

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      • 9.1Arrhenius Definition of Acids and Bases

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      • 9.2Brønsted-Lowry Definition of Acids and Bases

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      • 9.3Water: Both an Acid and a Base

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      • 9.4The Strengths of Acids and Bases

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      • 9.5Buffers

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      • 9.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 10Organic Chemistry Basics

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      • 10.1Organic Chemistry

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      • 10.2Straight-Chain Alkanes

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      • 10.3Branched-Chain Alkanes

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      • 10.4IUPAC Nomenclature

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      • 10.5Physical Properties of Alkanes

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      • 10.6Cycloalkanes

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      • 10.7Halogenated Hydrocarbons

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      • 10.8Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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      • 10.9Reactions of Alkenes

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      • 10.10Cis-Trans Isomers

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      • 10.11End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 11Carbohydrates

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      • 11.1Carbohydrates and Their Functional Groups

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      • 11.2Classes of Monosaccharides

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      • 11.3Important Hexoses

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      • 11.4Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides

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      • 11.5Properties of Monosaccharides

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      • 11.6Disaccharides

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      • 11.7Polysaccharides

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      • 11.8End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 12Lipids

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      • 12.1Fatty Acids

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      • 12.2Fats, Oils, and Waxes

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      • 12.3Membranes and Membrane Lipids

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      • 12.4Steroids

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      • 12.5End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 13Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

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      • 13.1Amino Acids

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      • 13.2Reactions of Amino Acids

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      • 13.3Peptides

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      • 13.4Protein Structure

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      • 13.5Enzymes

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      • 13.6Enzyme Activity

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      • 13.7Enzyme Inhibition

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      • 13.8Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins

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      • 13.9End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 14Nucleic Acids

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      • 14.1Nucleotides

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      • 14.2Nucleic Acid Structure

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      • 14.3Replication and Expression of Genetic Information

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      • 14.4Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code

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      • 14.5Mutations and Genetic Diseases

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      • 14.6Viruses

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      • 14.7End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 15Energy Metabolism

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      • 15.1ATP—the Universal Energy Currency

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      • 15.2Stage I of Catabolism

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      • 15.3Overview of Stage II of Catabolism

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      • 15.4Stage III of Catabolism

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      • 15.5Stage II of Carbohydrate Catabolism

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      • 15.6Stage II of Lipid Catabolism

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      • 15.7Stage II of Protein Catabolism

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      • 15.8End-of-Chapter Material

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    • AChemistry, Matter, and Measurement: A Review of The Basics

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      • A.1What is Chemistry?

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      • A.2The Classification of Matter

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      • A.3Measurements

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      • A.4Expressing Numbers: Scientific Notation

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      • A.5Expressing Numbers: Significant Figures

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      • A.6The International System of Units

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      • A.7Converting Units

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      • A.8End-of-Appendix Material

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    • BPeriodic Table of the Elements

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